Chapter 13

• Abbot Suger of Saint Denis rose from humble parentage.
• Ambulatory and radiating chapels abbey church
• About Sugar`s remodeling of Saint Denis marking the beginning of the Gothic architecture
• Rib vaults with pointed arches spring from slender columns stained glass windows.

The gothic europe was the same yet different from the previous chapters. The building were cathedral but they had a twist to it.  For example, the gothic cathedral was oculus meant small, round windows. Lancet meant a tall, narrow window crowned by a ointed arch.  

Chapter 12

The rebirth of monumental sculptures. Cathedrals portals were always noticing the second coming. The souls of the dead line up to await. The cult of relics was not new in the romanesque. The interior reveals a kinship with the three-story wooden- roofed churches of the ottonian era. The cast end of the church, in constant, has an innovative plan with an ambulatory around the choir and three semicircular chapels. Bernard of clairvaux on cloister sculpture.

Like the previous chapter, this is a continuous of the religion aspect.

Chapter 11

The result of a unique tripartite fusion of the classical heritage of Rome. The chirholota abstract pattern. The book of kells includes a male head figure. The Carolingian Empire at the death of Charlemagne in 814. Saint Matthews, the marking on his feet.

Through this chapter, it was about how the development of the painting more towards religion.  They were starting to build churches for saints.

chapter 7

The Roman Empire was the ancient world's greatest empire. In the 117 c.e. Was the first time in a emperor govern from the Nile River to the strait of Gibraltar from the Tigris and Euphrates to the Rhone, Danube, Thames and beyond. The roman people give everything an artistic view from the sculptures to the money as well. They believe in the afterlife and they made very beautiful sculpture for burials. The roman artist were realistic.

The roman artist weren't focused on cleaning the appearance of the people and use the realistic way that they look. They were the most authentic artist because they portray people how they really look like in the past. And not like other artists, how make the painting and the people in the painting unrealistic.

Chapter 6

In chapter 6, The Etruscans also know as the "Pre-Roman Civilization". The early Etruscans art, there was a tomb with bronze cauldron and gold jewelry.  In Regolini-Galassi tomb, they found a gold fibula was a unique shape used to fasten a women`s gown. The Etruscan tombs, there was a tomb called tomb of the shields and chairs which were carved out of the tufa bedrock six beds and two high-backed chairs with footstools and the technique was recalled of the Egyptian rock cut tombs. In later Etruscans art, the number of tombs decrease in the elite were no longer. The Etruscans art and the Roman Empire in the inscription Ficoroni Cista reflect the growth of the Roman power in central Italy. The roman artists began to produce larger number of cistae which is a cylindrical container for woman`s toiletry article.


 In the beginning of the the etruscans, we can see that they used some of the method that the ancient have done in the past regarding their art like painting, sculptures and architecture. There is a belief that their art was connected to religion which I don't think so. Because they still believed in gods and their sculptures says otherwise, in my case I don't see anything in their art that has to do with religion.